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Europe is traditionally the continent of diversity. Its long history of civilisation, its variety of races and religions and its precise national boundaries make the old continent a mosaic of different institutions, languages, morals and laws. In this respect, the difference from other countries such as the United States or Japan has always been very clear-cut. Now, unexpectedly, the situation is changing very fast, and Europe is effectively experiencing a process of homogenisation which, in all likelihood, will influence its spiritual and material characteristics radically. The process is, in part, caused by the effects of cultural and economic globalisation. From this point of view, there is little difference between Europe and other parts of the developed world, but the main reasons for these rapid changes are (a) the building of the institutions of the European Union and (b) the diffusion of its public policies within the 15 Member States. This process is influencing bioethics and medicine, as the diversity of the biomedical ambit in Europe is increasingly subjected to pressure from the European Union. It is, however, possible to propose an alternative model on the basis of which a higher degree of interaction and exchange in Europe would be compatible with the maintenance and reinforcement of national diversities and individual liberty in bioethics and medicine.